configChoiceField.py

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#
# LSST Data Management System
# Copyright 2008, 2009, 2010 LSST Corporation.
#
# This product includes software developed by the
# LSST Project (http://www.lsst.org/).
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the LSST License Statement and
# the GNU General Public License along with this program.  If not,
# see <http://www.lsstcorp.org/LegalNotices/>.
#

__all__ = ["ConfigChoiceField"]

import copy
import collections.abc

from .config import Config, Field, FieldValidationError, _typeStr, _joinNamePath
from .comparison import getComparisonName, compareScalars, compareConfigs
from .callStack import getCallStack, getStackFrame


class SelectionSet(collections.abc.MutableSet):
    """A mutable set class that tracks the selection of multi-select
    `~lsst.pex.config.ConfigChoiceField` objects.

    Parameters
    ----------
    dict_ : `ConfigInstanceDict`
        The dictionary of instantiated configs.
    value
        The selected key.
    at : `lsst.pex.config.callStack.StackFrame`, optional
        The call stack when the selection was made.
    label : `str`, optional
        Label for history tracking.
    setHistory : `bool`, optional
        Add this even to the history, if `True`.

    Notes
    -----
    This class allows a user of a multi-select
    `~lsst.pex.config.ConfigChoiceField` to add or discard items from the set
    of active configs. Each change to the selection is tracked in the field's
    history.
    """

    def __init__(self, dict_, value, at=None, label="assignment", setHistory=True):
        if at is None:
            at = getCallStack()
        self._dict = dict_
        self._field = self._dict._field
        self._config = self._dict._config
        self.__history = self._config._history.setdefault(self._field.name, [])
        if value is not None:
            try:
                for v in value:
                    if v not in self._dict:
                        # invoke __getitem__ to ensure it's present
                        self._dict.__getitem__(v, at=at)
            except TypeError:
                msg = "Value %s is of incorrect type %s. Sequence type expected"(value, _typeStr(value))
                raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config, msg)
            self._set = set(value)
        else:
            self._set = set()

        if setHistory:
            self.__history.append(("Set selection to %s" % self, at, label))

    def add(self, value, at=None):
        """Add a value to the selected set.
        """
        if self._config._frozen:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Cannot modify a frozen Config")

        if at is None:
            at = getCallStack()

        if value not in self._dict:
            # invoke __getitem__ to make sure it's present
            self._dict.__getitem__(value, at=at)

        self.__history.append(("added %s to selection" % value, at, "selection"))
        self._set.add(value)

    def discard(self, value, at=None):
        """Discard a value from the selected set.
        """
        if self._config._frozen:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Cannot modify a frozen Config")

        if value not in self._dict:
            return

        if at is None:
            at = getCallStack()

        self.__history.append(("removed %s from selection" % value, at, "selection"))
        self._set.discard(value)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._set)

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self._set)

    def __contains__(self, value):
        return value in self._set

    def __repr__(self):
        return repr(list(self._set))

    def __str__(self):
        return str(list(self._set))


class ConfigInstanceDict(collections.abc.Mapping):
    """Dictionary of instantiated configs, used to populate a
    `~lsst.pex.config.ConfigChoiceField`.

    Parameters
    ----------
    config : `lsst.pex.config.Config`
        A configuration instance.
    field : `lsst.pex.config.Field`-type
        A configuration field. Note that the `lsst.pex.config.Field.fieldmap`
        attribute must provide key-based access to configuration classes,
        (that is, ``typemap[name]``).
    """
    def __init__(self, config, field):
        collections.abc.Mapping.__init__(self)
        self._dict = dict()
        self._selection = None
        self._config = config
        self._field = field
        self._history = config._history.setdefault(field.name, [])
        self.__doc__ = field.doc

    types = property(lambda x: x._field.typemap)

    def __contains__(self, k):
        return k in self._field.typemap

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._field.typemap)

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self._field.typemap)

    def _setSelection(self, value, at=None, label="assignment"):
        if self._config._frozen:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config, "Cannot modify a frozen Config")

        if at is None:
            at = getCallStack(1)

        if value is None:
            self._selection = None
        elif self._field.multi:
            self._selection = SelectionSet(self, value, setHistory=False)
        else:
            if value not in self._dict:
                self.__getitem__(value, at=at)  # just invoke __getitem__ to make sure it's present
            self._selection = value
        self._history.append((value, at, label))

    def _getNames(self):
        if not self._field.multi:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Single-selection field has no attribute 'names'")
        return self._selection

    def _setNames(self, value):
        if not self._field.multi:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Single-selection field has no attribute 'names'")
        self._setSelection(value)

    def _delNames(self):
        if not self._field.multi:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Single-selection field has no attribute 'names'")
        self._selection = None

    def _getName(self):
        if self._field.multi:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Multi-selection field has no attribute 'name'")
        return self._selection

    def _setName(self, value):
        if self._field.multi:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Multi-selection field has no attribute 'name'")
        self._setSelection(value)

    def _delName(self):
        if self._field.multi:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                       "Multi-selection field has no attribute 'name'")
        self._selection = None

    names = property(_getNames, _setNames, _delNames)
    """List of names of active items in a multi-selection
    ``ConfigInstanceDict``. Disabled in a single-selection ``_Registry``; use
    the `name` attribute instead.
    """

    name = property(_getName, _setName, _delName)
    """Name of the active item in a single-selection ``ConfigInstanceDict``.
    Disabled in a multi-selection ``_Registry``; use the ``names`` attribute
    instead.
    """

    def _getActive(self):
        if self._selection is None:
            return None

        if self._field.multi:
            return [self[c] for c in self._selection]
        else:
            return self[self._selection]

    active = property(_getActive)
    """The selected items.

    For multi-selection, this is equivalent to: ``[self[name] for name in
    self.names]``. For single-selection, this is equivalent to: ``self[name]``.
    """

    def __getitem__(self, k, at=None, label="default"):
        try:
            value = self._dict[k]
        except KeyError:
            try:
                dtype = self._field.typemap[k]
            except Exception:
                raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config,
                                           "Unknown key %r in Registry/ConfigChoiceField" % k)
            name = _joinNamePath(self._config._name, self._field.name, k)
            if at is None:
                at = getCallStack()
                at.insert(0, dtype._source)
            value = self._dict.setdefault(k, dtype(__name=name, __at=at, __label=label))
        return value

    def __setitem__(self, k, value, at=None, label="assignment"):
        if self._config._frozen:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config, "Cannot modify a frozen Config")

        try:
            dtype = self._field.typemap[k]
        except Exception:
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config, "Unknown key %r" % k)

        if value != dtype and type(value) != dtype:
            msg = "Value %s at key %k is of incorrect type %s. Expected type %s" % \
                (value, k, _typeStr(value), _typeStr(dtype))
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config, msg)

        if at is None:
            at = getCallStack()
        name = _joinNamePath(self._config._name, self._field.name, k)
        oldValue = self._dict.get(k, None)
        if oldValue is None:
            if value == dtype:
                self._dict[k] = value(__name=name, __at=at, __label=label)
            else:
                self._dict[k] = dtype(__name=name, __at=at, __label=label, **value._storage)
        else:
            if value == dtype:
                value = value()
            oldValue.update(__at=at, __label=label, **value._storage)

    def _rename(self, fullname):
        for k, v in self._dict.items():
            v._rename(_joinNamePath(name=fullname, index=k))

    def __setattr__(self, attr, value, at=None, label="assignment"):
        if hasattr(getattr(self.__class__, attr, None), '__set__'):
            # This allows properties to work.
            object.__setattr__(self, attr, value)
        elif attr in self.__dict__ or attr in ["_history", "_field", "_config", "_dict",
                                               "_selection", "__doc__"]:
            # This allows specific private attributes to work.
            object.__setattr__(self, attr, value)
        else:
            # We throw everything else.
            msg = "%s has no attribute %s" % (_typeStr(self._field), attr)
            raise FieldValidationError(self._field, self._config, msg)


class ConfigChoiceField(Field):
    """A configuration field (`~lsst.pex.config.Field` subclass) that allows a
    user to choose from a set of `~lsst.pex.config.Config` types.

    Parameters
    ----------
    doc : `str`
        Documentation string for the field.
    typemap : `dict`-like
        A mapping between keys and `~lsst.pex.config.Config`-types as values.
        See *Examples* for details.
    default : `str`, optional
        The default configuration name.
    optional : `bool`, optional
        When `False`, `lsst.pex.config.Config.validate` will fail if the
        field's value is `None`.
    multi : `bool`, optional
        If `True`, the field allows multiple selections. In this case, set the
        selections by assigning a sequence to the ``names`` attribute of the
        field.

        If `False`, the field allows only a single selection. In this case,
        set the active config by assigning the config's key from the
        ``typemap`` to the field's ``name`` attribute (see *Examples*).

    See also
    --------
    ChoiceField
    ConfigDictField
    ConfigField
    ConfigurableField
    DictField
    Field
    ListField
    RangeField
    RegistryField

    Notes
    -----
    ``ConfigChoiceField`` instances can allow either single selections or
    multiple selections, depending on the ``multi`` parameter. For
    single-selection fields, set the selection with the ``name`` attribute.
    For multi-selection fields, set the selection though the ``names``
    attribute.

    This field is validated only against the active selection. If the
    ``active`` attribute is `None` and the field is not optional, validation
    will fail.

    When saving a configuration with a ``ConfigChoiceField``, the entire set is
    saved, as well as the active selection.

    Examples
    --------
    While the ``typemap`` is shared by all instances of the field, each
    instance of the field has its own instance of a particular sub-config type.

    For example, ``AaaConfig`` is a config object

    >>> from lsst.pex.config import Config, ConfigChoiceField, Field
    >>> class AaaConfig(Config):
    ...     somefield = Field("doc", int)
    ...

    The ``MyConfig`` config has a ``ConfigChoiceField`` field called ``choice``
    that maps the ``AaaConfig`` type to the ``"AAA"`` key:

    >>> TYPEMAP = {"AAA", AaaConfig}
    >>> class MyConfig(Config):
    ...     choice = ConfigChoiceField("doc for choice", TYPEMAP)
    ...

    Creating an instance of ``MyConfig``:

    >>> instance = MyConfig()

    Setting value of the field ``somefield`` on the "AAA" key of the ``choice``
    field:

    >>> instance.choice['AAA'].somefield = 5

    **Selecting the active configuration**

    Make the ``"AAA"`` key the active configuration value for the ``choice``
    field:

    >>> instance.choice = "AAA"

    Alternatively, the last line can be written:

    >>> instance.choice.name = "AAA"

    (If the config instance allows multiple selections, you'd assign a sequence
    to the ``names`` attribute instead.)

    ``ConfigChoiceField`` instances also allow multiple values of the same type:

    >>> TYPEMAP["CCC"] = AaaConfig
    >>> TYPEMAP["BBB"] = AaaConfig
    """

    instanceDictClass = ConfigInstanceDict

    def __init__(self, doc, typemap, default=None, optional=False, multi=False):
        source = getStackFrame()
        self._setup(doc=doc, dtype=self.instanceDictClass, default=default, check=None, optional=optional,
                    source=source)
        self.typemap = typemap
        self.multi = multi

    def _getOrMake(self, instance, label="default"):
        instanceDict = instance._storage.get(self.name)
        if instanceDict is None:
            at = getCallStack(1)
            instanceDict = self.dtype(instance, self)
            instanceDict.__doc__ = self.doc
            instance._storage[self.name] = instanceDict
            history = instance._history.setdefault(self.name, [])
            history.append(("Initialized from defaults", at, label))

        return instanceDict

    def __get__(self, instance, owner=None):
        if instance is None or not isinstance(instance, Config):
            return self
        else:
            return self._getOrMake(instance)

    def __set__(self, instance, value, at=None, label="assignment"):
        if instance._frozen:
            raise FieldValidationError(self, instance, "Cannot modify a frozen Config")
        if at is None:
            at = getCallStack()
        instanceDict = self._getOrMake(instance)
        if isinstance(value, self.instanceDictClass):
            for k, v in value.items():
                instanceDict.__setitem__(k, v, at=at, label=label)
            instanceDict._setSelection(value._selection, at=at, label=label)

        else:
            instanceDict._setSelection(value, at=at, label=label)

    def rename(self, instance):
        instanceDict = self.__get__(instance)
        fullname = _joinNamePath(instance._name, self.name)
        instanceDict._rename(fullname)

    def validate(self, instance):
        instanceDict = self.__get__(instance)
        if instanceDict.active is None and not self.optional:
            msg = "Required field cannot be None"
            raise FieldValidationError(self, instance, msg)
        elif instanceDict.active is not None:
            if self.multi:
                for a in instanceDict.active:
                    a.validate()
            else:
                instanceDict.active.validate()

    def toDict(self, instance):
        instanceDict = self.__get__(instance)

        dict_ = {}
        if self.multi:
            dict_["names"] = instanceDict.names
        else:
            dict_["name"] = instanceDict.name

        values = {}
        for k, v in instanceDict.items():
            values[k] = v.toDict()
        dict_["values"] = values

        return dict_

    def freeze(self, instance):
        # When a config is frozen it should not be affected by anything further
        # being added to a registry, so create a deep copy of the registry
        # typemap
        self.typemap = copy.deepcopy(self.typemap)
        instanceDict = self.__get__(instance)
        for v in instanceDict.values():
            v.freeze()

    def _collectImports(self, instance, imports):
        instanceDict = self.__get__(instance)
        for config in instanceDict.values():
            config._collectImports()
            imports |= config._imports

    def save(self, outfile, instance):
        instanceDict = self.__get__(instance)
        fullname = _joinNamePath(instance._name, self.name)
        for v in instanceDict.values():
            v._save(outfile)
        if self.multi:
            outfile.write(u"{}.names={!r}\n".format(fullname, instanceDict.names))
        else:
            outfile.write(u"{}.name={!r}\n".format(fullname, instanceDict.name))

    def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
        """Customize deep-copying, because we always want a reference to the
        original typemap.

        WARNING: this must be overridden by subclasses if they change the
        constructor signature!
        """
        other = type(self)(doc=self.doc, typemap=self.typemap, default=copy.deepcopy(self.default),
                           optional=self.optional, multi=self.multi)
        other.source = self.source
        return other

    def _compare(self, instance1, instance2, shortcut, rtol, atol, output):
        """Compare two fields for equality.

        Used by `lsst.pex.ConfigChoiceField.compare`.

        Parameters
        ----------
        instance1 : `lsst.pex.config.Config`
            Left-hand side config instance to compare.
        instance2 : `lsst.pex.config.Config`
            Right-hand side config instance to compare.
        shortcut : `bool`
            If `True`, this function returns as soon as an inequality if found.
        rtol : `float`
            Relative tolerance for floating point comparisons.
        atol : `float`
            Absolute tolerance for floating point comparisons.
        output : callable
            A callable that takes a string, used (possibly repeatedly) to
            report inequalities.

        Returns
        -------
        isEqual : bool
            `True` if the fields are equal, `False` otherwise.

        Notes
        -----
        Only the selected configurations are compared, as the parameters of any
        others do not matter.

        Floating point comparisons are performed by `numpy.allclose`.
        """
        d1 = getattr(instance1, self.name)
        d2 = getattr(instance2, self.name)
        name = getComparisonName(
            _joinNamePath(instance1._name, self.name),
            _joinNamePath(instance2._name, self.name)
        )
        if not compareScalars("selection for %s" % name, d1._selection, d2._selection, output=output):
            return False
        if d1._selection is None:
            return True
        if self.multi:
            nested = [(k, d1[k], d2[k]) for k in d1._selection]
        else:
            nested = [(d1._selection, d1[d1._selection], d2[d1._selection])]
        equal = True
        for k, c1, c2 in nested:
            result = compareConfigs("%s[%r]" % (name, k), c1, c2, shortcut=shortcut,
                                    rtol=rtol, atol=atol, output=output)
            if not result and shortcut:
                return False
            equal = equal and result
        return equal