CoaddPsf.cc

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// -*- LSST-C++ -*-

/*
 * LSST Data Management System
 * Copyright 2008, 2009, 2010 LSST Corporation.
 *
 * This product includes software developed by the
 * LSST Project (http://www.lsst.org/).
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
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 * see <http://www.lsstcorp.org/LegalNotices/>.
 */

/*
 * Represent a PSF as for a Coadd based on the James Jee stacking
 * algorithm which was extracted from Stackfit.
 */
#include <cmath>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <numeric>
#include "boost/iterator/iterator_adaptor.hpp"
#include "boost/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp"
#include "ndarray/eigen.h"
#include "lsst/base.h"
#include "lsst/pex/exceptions.h"
#include "lsst/geom/Box.h"
#include "lsst/afw/image/ImageUtils.h"
#include "lsst/afw/math/Statistics.h"
#include "lsst/meas/algorithms/CoaddPsf.h"
#include "lsst/afw/table/io/OutputArchive.h"
#include "lsst/afw/table/io/InputArchive.h"
#include "lsst/afw/table/io/CatalogVector.h"
#include "lsst/afw/table/io/Persistable.cc"
#include "lsst/meas/algorithms/WarpedPsf.h"

namespace lsst {
namespace afw {
namespace table {
namespace io {

template std::shared_ptr<meas::algorithms::CoaddPsf>
PersistableFacade<meas::algorithms::CoaddPsf>::dynamicCast(std::shared_ptr<Persistable> const&);

}  // namespace io
}  // namespace table
}  // namespace afw
namespace meas {
namespace algorithms {

namespace {

// Struct used to simplify calculations in computeAveragePosition; lets us use
// std::accumulate instead of explicit for loop.
struct AvgPosItem {
    double wx;  // weighted x position
    double wy;  // weighted y position
    double w;   // weight value

    explicit AvgPosItem(double wx_ = 0.0, double wy_ = 0.0, double w_ = 0.0) : wx(wx_), wy(wy_), w(w_) {}

    // return point, assuming this is a sum of many AvgPosItems
    geom::Point2D getPoint() const { return geom::Point2D(wx / w, wy / w); }

    // comparison so we can sort by weights
    bool operator<(AvgPosItem const &other) const { return w < other.w; }

    AvgPosItem &operator+=(AvgPosItem const &other) {
        wx += other.wx;
        wy += other.wy;
        w += other.w;
        return *this;
    }

    AvgPosItem &operator-=(AvgPosItem const &other) {
        wx -= other.wx;
        wy -= other.wy;
        w -= other.w;
        return *this;
    }

    friend AvgPosItem operator+(AvgPosItem a, AvgPosItem const &b) { return a += b; }

    friend AvgPosItem operator-(AvgPosItem a, AvgPosItem const &b) { return a -= b; }
};

geom::Point2D computeAveragePosition(afw::table::ExposureCatalog const &catalog,
                                     afw::geom::SkyWcs const &coaddWcs, afw::table::Key<double> weightKey) {
    afw::table::Key<int> goodPixKey;
    try {
        goodPixKey = catalog.getSchema()["goodpix"];
    } catch (pex::exceptions::NotFoundError &) {
    }
    std::vector<AvgPosItem> items;
    items.reserve(catalog.size());
    for (afw::table::ExposureCatalog::const_iterator i = catalog.begin(); i != catalog.end(); ++i) {
        geom::Point2D p = coaddWcs.skyToPixel(i->getWcs()->pixelToSky(i->getPsf()->getAveragePosition()));
        AvgPosItem item(p.getX(), p.getY(), i->get(weightKey));
        if (goodPixKey.isValid()) {
            item.w *= i->get(goodPixKey);
        }
        item.wx *= item.w;
        item.wy *= item.w;
        items.push_back(item);
    }
    // This is a bit pessimistic - we save and sort all the weights all the time,
    // even though we'll only need them if the average position from all of them
    // is invalid.  But it makes for simpler code, and it's not that expensive
    // computationally anyhow.
    std::sort(items.begin(), items.end());
    AvgPosItem result = std::accumulate(items.begin(), items.end(), AvgPosItem());
    // If the position isn't valid (no input frames contain it), we remove frames
    // from the average until it does.
    for (std::vector<AvgPosItem>::iterator iter = items.begin();
         catalog.subsetContaining(result.getPoint(), coaddWcs, true).empty(); ++iter) {
        if (iter == items.end()) {
            // This should only happen if there are no inputs at all,
            // or if constituent Psfs have a badly-behaved implementation
            // of getAveragePosition().
            throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RuntimeError,
                              "Could not find a valid average position for CoaddPsf");
        }
        result -= *iter;
    }
    return result.getPoint();
}

}  // namespace

CoaddPsf::CoaddPsf(afw::table::ExposureCatalog const &catalog, afw::geom::SkyWcs const &coaddWcs,
                   std::string const &weightFieldName, std::string const &warpingKernelName, int cacheSize)
        : _coaddWcs(coaddWcs),
          _warpingKernelName(warpingKernelName),
          _warpingControl(std::make_shared<afw::math::WarpingControl>(warpingKernelName, "", cacheSize)) {
    afw::table::SchemaMapper mapper(catalog.getSchema());
    mapper.addMinimalSchema(afw::table::ExposureTable::makeMinimalSchema(), true);

    // copy the field "goodpix", if available, for computeAveragePosition to use
    try {
        afw::table::Key<int> goodPixKey = catalog.getSchema()["goodpix"];  // auto does not work
        mapper.addMapping(goodPixKey, true);
    } catch (pex::exceptions::NotFoundError &) {
    }

    // copy the field specified by weightFieldName to field "weight"
    afw::table::Field<double> weightField = afw::table::Field<double>("weight", "Coadd weight");
    afw::table::Key<double> weightKey = catalog.getSchema()[weightFieldName];
    _weightKey = mapper.addMapping(weightKey, weightField);

    _catalog = afw::table::ExposureCatalog(mapper.getOutputSchema());
    for (afw::table::ExposureCatalog::const_iterator i = catalog.begin(); i != catalog.end(); ++i) {
        PTR(afw::table::ExposureRecord) record = _catalog.getTable()->makeRecord();
        record->assign(*i, mapper);
        _catalog.push_back(record);
    }
    _averagePosition = computeAveragePosition(_catalog, _coaddWcs, _weightKey);
}

PTR(afw::detection::Psf) CoaddPsf::clone() const { return std::make_shared<CoaddPsf>(*this); }

PTR(afw::detection::Psf) CoaddPsf::resized(int width, int height) const {
    // Not implemented for WarpedPsf
    throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::LogicError, "Not Implemented");
}

// Read all the images from the Image Vector and return the BBox in xy0 offset coordinates

geom::Box2I getOverallBBox(std::vector<PTR(afw::image::Image<double>)> const &imgVector) {
    geom::Box2I bbox;
    // Calculate the box which will contain them all
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < imgVector.size(); i++) {
        PTR(afw::image::Image<double>) componentImg = imgVector[i];
        geom::Box2I cBBox = componentImg->getBBox();
        bbox.include(cBBox);  // JFB: this works even on empty bboxes
    }
    return bbox;
}

// Read all the images from the Image Vector and add them to image

void addToImage(PTR(afw::image::Image<double>) image,
                std::vector<PTR(afw::image::Image<double>)> const &imgVector,
                std::vector<double> const &weightVector) {
    assert(imgVector.size() == weightVector.size());
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < imgVector.size(); i++) {
        PTR(afw::image::Image<double>) componentImg = imgVector[i];
        double weight = weightVector[i];
        double sum = ndarray::asEigenMatrix(componentImg->getArray()).sum();

        // Now get the portion of the component image which is appropriate to add
        // If the default image size is used, the component is guaranteed to fit,
        // but not if a size has been specified.
        geom::Box2I cBBox = componentImg->getBBox();
        geom::Box2I overlap(cBBox);
        overlap.clip(image->getBBox());
        // JFB: A subimage view of the image we want to add to, containing only the overlap region.
        afw::image::Image<double> targetSubImage(*image, overlap);
        // JFB: A subimage view of the image we want to add from, containing only the overlap region.
        afw::image::Image<double> cSubImage(*componentImg, overlap);
        targetSubImage.scaledPlus(weight / sum, cSubImage);
    }
}

geom::Box2I CoaddPsf::doComputeBBox(geom::Point2D const &ccdXY, afw::image::Color const &color) const {
    afw::table::ExposureCatalog subcat = _catalog.subsetContaining(ccdXY, _coaddWcs, true);
    if (subcat.empty()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(
                pex::exceptions::InvalidParameterError,
                (boost::format("Cannot compute BBox at point %s; no input images at that point.") % ccdXY)
                        .str());
    }

    geom::Box2I ret;
    for (auto const &exposureRecord : subcat) {
        // compute transform from exposure pixels to coadd pixels
        auto exposureToCoadd = afw::geom::makeWcsPairTransform(*exposureRecord.getWcs(), _coaddWcs);
        WarpedPsf warpedPsf = WarpedPsf(exposureRecord.getPsf(), exposureToCoadd, _warpingControl);
        geom::Box2I componentBBox = warpedPsf.computeBBox(ccdXY, color);
        ret.include(componentBBox);
    }

    return ret;
}

PTR(afw::detection::Psf::Image)
CoaddPsf::doComputeKernelImage(geom::Point2D const &ccdXY, afw::image::Color const &color) const {
    // Get the subset of expoures which contain our coordinate within their validPolygons.
    afw::table::ExposureCatalog subcat = _catalog.subsetContaining(ccdXY, _coaddWcs, true);
    if (subcat.empty()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(
                pex::exceptions::InvalidParameterError,
                (boost::format("Cannot compute CoaddPsf at point %s; no input images at that point.") % ccdXY)
                        .str());
    }
    double weightSum = 0.0;

    // Read all the Psf images into a vector.  The code is set up so that this can be done in chunks,
    // with the image modified to accomodate
    // However, we currently read all of the images.
    std::vector<PTR(afw::image::Image<double>)> imgVector;
    std::vector<double> weightVector;

    for (auto const &exposureRecord : subcat) {
        // compute transform from exposure pixels to coadd pixels
        auto exposureToCoadd = afw::geom::makeWcsPairTransform(*exposureRecord.getWcs(), _coaddWcs);
        PTR(afw::image::Image<double>) componentImg;
        try {
            WarpedPsf warpedPsf = WarpedPsf(exposureRecord.getPsf(), exposureToCoadd, _warpingControl);
            componentImg = warpedPsf.computeKernelImage(ccdXY, color);
        } catch (pex::exceptions::RangeError &exc) {
            LSST_EXCEPT_ADD(exc, (boost::format("Computing WarpedPsf kernel image for id=%d") %
                                  exposureRecord.getId())
                                         .str());
            throw exc;
        }
        imgVector.push_back(componentImg);
        weightSum += exposureRecord.get(_weightKey);
        weightVector.push_back(exposureRecord.get(_weightKey));
    }

    geom::Box2I bbox = getOverallBBox(imgVector);

    // create a zero image of the right size to sum into
    PTR(afw::detection::Psf::Image) image = std::make_shared<afw::detection::Psf::Image>(bbox);
    *image = 0.0;
    addToImage(image, imgVector, weightVector);
    *image /= weightSum;
    return image;
}

int CoaddPsf::getComponentCount() const { return _catalog.size(); }

CONST_PTR(afw::detection::Psf) CoaddPsf::getPsf(int index) {
    if (index < 0 || index >= getComponentCount()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RangeError, "index of CoaddPsf component out of range");
    }
    return _catalog[index].getPsf();
}

afw::geom::SkyWcs CoaddPsf::getWcs(int index) {
    if (index < 0 || index >= getComponentCount()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RangeError, "index of CoaddPsf component out of range");
    }
    return *_catalog[index].getWcs();
}

CONST_PTR(afw::geom::polygon::Polygon) CoaddPsf::getValidPolygon(int index) {
    if (index < 0 || index >= getComponentCount()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RangeError, "index of CoaddPsf component out of range");
    }
    return _catalog[index].getValidPolygon();
}

double CoaddPsf::getWeight(int index) {
    if (index < 0 || index >= getComponentCount()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RangeError, "index of CoaddPsf component out of range");
    }
    return _catalog[index].get(_weightKey);
}

afw::table::RecordId CoaddPsf::getId(int index) {
    if (index < 0 || index >= getComponentCount()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RangeError, "index of CoaddPsf component out of range");
    }
    return _catalog[index].getId();
}

geom::Box2I CoaddPsf::getBBox(int index) {
    if (index < 0 || index >= getComponentCount()) {
        throw LSST_EXCEPT(pex::exceptions::RangeError, "index of CoaddPsf component out of range");
    }
    return _catalog[index].getBBox();
}

// ---------- Persistence -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// For persistence of CoaddPsf, we have two catalogs: the first has just one record, and contains
// the archive ID of the coadd WCS, the size of the warping cache, the name of the warping kernel,
// and the average position.  The latter is simply the ExposureCatalog.

namespace {

// Singleton class that manages the first persistence catalog's schema and keys
class CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper {
public:
    afw::table::Schema schema;
    afw::table::Key<int> coaddWcs;
    afw::table::Key<int> cacheSize;
    afw::table::PointKey<double> averagePosition;
    afw::table::Key<std::string> warpingKernelName;

    static CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper const &get() {
        static CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper const instance;
        return instance;
    }

private:
    CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper()
            : schema(),
              coaddWcs(schema.addField<int>("coaddwcs", "archive ID of the coadd's WCS")),
              cacheSize(schema.addField<int>("cachesize", "size of the warping cache")),
              averagePosition(afw::table::PointKey<double>::addFields(
                      schema, "avgpos", "PSF accessors default position", "pixel")),
              warpingKernelName(
                      schema.addField<std::string>("warpingkernelname", "warping kernel name", 32)) {}
};

}  // namespace

class CoaddPsf::Factory : public afw::table::io::PersistableFactory {
public:
    virtual PTR(afw::table::io::Persistable)
            read(InputArchive const &archive, CatalogVector const &catalogs) const {
        if (catalogs.size() == 1u) {
            // Old CoaddPsfs were saved in only one catalog, because we didn't
            // save the warping parameters and average position, and we could
            // save the coadd Wcs in a special final record.
            return readV0(archive, catalogs);
        }
        LSST_ARCHIVE_ASSERT(catalogs.size() == 2u);
        CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper const &keys1 = CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper::get();
        LSST_ARCHIVE_ASSERT(catalogs.front().getSchema() == keys1.schema);
        afw::table::BaseRecord const &record1 = catalogs.front().front();
        return PTR(CoaddPsf)(
                new CoaddPsf(afw::table::ExposureCatalog::readFromArchive(archive, catalogs.back()),
                             *archive.get<afw::geom::SkyWcs>(record1.get(keys1.coaddWcs)),
                             record1.get(keys1.averagePosition), record1.get(keys1.warpingKernelName),
                             record1.get(keys1.cacheSize)));
    }

    // Backwards compatibility for files saved before meas_algorithms commit
    // 53e61fae (7/10/2013).  Prior to that change, the warping configuration
    // and the average position were not saved at all, making it impossible to
    // reconstruct the average position exactly, but it's better to
    // approximate than to fail completely.
    std::shared_ptr<afw::table::io::Persistable> readV0(InputArchive const &archive,
                                                        CatalogVector const &catalogs) const {
        auto internalCat = afw::table::ExposureCatalog::readFromArchive(archive, catalogs.front());
        // Coadd WCS is stored in a special last record.
        auto coaddWcs = internalCat.back().getWcs();
        internalCat.pop_back();
        // Attempt to reconstruct the average position.  We can't do this
        // exactly, since the catalog we saved isn't the same one that was
        // used to compute the original average position.
        afw::table::Key<double> weightKey;
        try {
            weightKey = internalCat.getSchema()["weight"];
        } catch (pex::exceptions::NotFoundError &) {
        }
        auto averagePos = computeAveragePosition(internalCat, *coaddWcs, weightKey);
        return std::shared_ptr<CoaddPsf>(new CoaddPsf(internalCat, *coaddWcs, averagePos));
    }

    Factory(std::string const &name) : afw::table::io::PersistableFactory(name) {}
};

namespace {

std::string getCoaddPsfPersistenceName() { return "CoaddPsf"; }

CoaddPsf::Factory registration(getCoaddPsfPersistenceName());

}  // namespace

std::string CoaddPsf::getPersistenceName() const { return getCoaddPsfPersistenceName(); }

std::string CoaddPsf::getPythonModule() const { return "lsst.meas.algorithms"; }

void CoaddPsf::write(OutputArchiveHandle &handle) const {
    CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper const &keys1 = CoaddPsfPersistenceHelper::get();
    afw::table::BaseCatalog cat1 = handle.makeCatalog(keys1.schema);
    PTR(afw::table::BaseRecord) record1 = cat1.addNew();
    auto coaddWcsPtr = std::make_shared<afw::geom::SkyWcs>(_coaddWcs);
    record1->set(keys1.coaddWcs, handle.put(coaddWcsPtr));
    record1->set(keys1.cacheSize, _warpingControl->getCacheSize());
    record1->set(keys1.averagePosition, _averagePosition);
    record1->set(keys1.warpingKernelName, _warpingKernelName);
    handle.saveCatalog(cat1);
    _catalog.writeToArchive(handle, false);
}

CoaddPsf::CoaddPsf(afw::table::ExposureCatalog const &catalog, afw::geom::SkyWcs const &coaddWcs,
                   geom::Point2D const &averagePosition, std::string const &warpingKernelName, int cacheSize)
        : _catalog(catalog),
          _coaddWcs(coaddWcs),
          _weightKey(_catalog.getSchema()["weight"]),
          _averagePosition(averagePosition),
          _warpingKernelName(warpingKernelName),
          _warpingControl(new afw::math::WarpingControl(warpingKernelName, "", cacheSize)) {}

}  // namespace algorithms
}  // namespace meas
}  // namespace lsst